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13 c1541

VICE is provided with a complete stand-alone disk image maintenance utility, called c1541.

The syntax is:

c1541 [IMAGE1 [IMAGE2]] [COMMAND1 COMMAND2 ... COMMANDN]

IMAGE1 and IMAGE2 are disk image names that can be attached before c1541 starts. c1541 can handle up to two disk images at the same time by using two virtual built-in drives, numbered 8 and 9; IMAGE1 (if present) is always attached to drive 8, while IMAGE2 is attached to drive 9.

COMMANDs specified on the command-line all begin with the minus sign (-); if present, c1541 executes them in the same order as they are on the command line and returns a zero error code if they were successful. If any of the COMMANDs fails, c1541 stops and returns a nonzero error code.

If no COMMANDs are specified at all, c1541 enters interactive mode, where you can type commands manually. Commands in interactive mode are the same as commands in batch mode, but do not require a leading -.

As with the monitor, file name completion and command line editing with history are provided. Use the command `quit' or press C-d to exit.

13.1 Specifying files in c1541

When accessing CBM DOS files (i.e. files that reside on disk images), c1541 uses a special syntax that lets you access files on both drive 8 and 9. If you prepend the file name with @8: or @9:, you will specified that file is to be found or created on drive 8 and 9, respectively.

For instance,

@8:somefile

will name file named somefile on unit 8, while

@9:somefile

will name file named somefile on unit 9.

13.2 Using quotes and backslashes

You can use quotes (") in a command to embed spaces into file names. For instance,

read some file

will read file some from the disk image and write it into the file system as file, while

read "some file"

will copy some file into the file system, with the name some file.

The backslash character (\) has a special meaning too: it lets you literally insert the following character no matter what it is. For example,

read some\ file

will copy file some file into the file system, while

read some\ file this\"file

will copy some file into the file system with name this"file (with an embedded quote).

13.3 c1541 commands and options

This is a list of the c1541 commands. They are shown in their interactive form, without the leading -. Square brackets [] indicate an optional part, and "<COMMAND>" translates to a disk command according to CBM DOS, like "i0" for example.

@ [<command>]
Execute specified CBM DOS command and print the current status of the drive. If no command is specified, just print the status.
? [<command>]
Explain specified command. If no command is specified, list available ones.
attach <diskimage> [<unit>]
Attach diskimage to unit (default unit is 8).
bam [<unit>] | <track-min> <track-max> [<unit>]
Show the BAM of unit, optionally displaying only the entries for track-min to track-max
bcopy <src-trk> <src-sec> <dst-trk> <dst-sec> [<src-unit> [<dst-unit>]]
Copy a block to another block, optionally specifying different source and destination units. The block is copied using all 256 bytes.
bfill <track> <sector> <value> [<unit>]
Fill a block with a single value.
block <track> <sector> [<offset> [<unit>]]
Show specified disk block in hex form.
bpoke [@unit:<unit>] <track> <sector> <offset> <data ...>
Store one or more bytes of data into a block. The data can be specified using prefixes:
0b or %
binary value (`%11111111`)
&
octal value (`&377`)
0x or $
hexadecimal value (`$ff`)
The <unit> is optional, and when used must use the CBM DOS notation for the unit number, for example `@9:`.
bpeek [@unit:<unit>] <track> <sector> [<start> [<end>]]
Print one or more bytes of track,sector.
bread <filename> <track> <sector> [<unit>]
Read a block from a disk image and write it to the host filesystem as filename.
bwrite <filename> <track> <sector> [<unit>]
Write data from the host filesystem using filename as input. At most 256 bytes are written to the disk image.
cd <dir>
Change the current working directory to dir.
chain <track> <sector> [<unit>] | <filename>
Show block chain starting at (track, sector), or alternatively use filename to show the block chain of a file in the directory. The last number shown is the number of bytes used in the final block.
copy <source1> [<source2> ... <sourceN>] <destination>
Copy source1 ... sourceN into destination. If N > 1, destination must be a simple drive specifier (@n:). To copy a REL file, specify the <source> with a ,L file type suffix.
delete <file1> [<file2> ... <fileN>]
Delete the specified files.
disable-libdebug-output
Disable output of src/lib.c's leak list. This is a debug hook for the c1541 test bench.
exit
Exit (same as quit).
entry [+side] <file1> [<file2> ... <fileN>]
Show the directory entries of the given files in full detail. If the +side option is present, and it is a RELative file, it also shows all side sectors.
extract
Extract all the files to the file system.
format <diskname,id> [<type> <imagename>] [<unit>]
If unit is specified, format the disk in unit unit. If type and imagename are specified, create a new image named imagename, attach it to unit 8 and format it. type is a disk image type, and must be either x64, d64 (both VC1541/2031), g64 (VC1541/2031 but in GCR coding), d71 (VC1571), g71 (VC1571 but in GCR coding), d81 (VC1581), d80 (CBM8050), d82 (CBM8250/1001), or d90 (CBM D9090). Otherwise, format the disk in the current unit, if any.
geosread <source> [<destination>]
Read GEOS <source> from the disk image and copy it as a Convert file into <destination> in the file system. If <destination> is not specified, copy it into a file with the same name as <source>.
geoswrite <source>
Write GOES Convert file <source> from the file system on a disk image.
geosextract <source>
Extract all the files to the file system and GEOS Convert them.
help [<command>]
Explain specified command. If no command is specified, list available ones.
info [<unit>]
Display information about unit unit (if unspecified, use the current one).
list [<pattern>]
dir [<pattern>]
List files matching pattern (default is all files).
name <diskname>[,<id>] <unit>
Change image name.
p00save <enable> [<unit>]
Save P00 files to the file system.
pwd
Print current working directory.
quit
Exit (same as exit).
read <source> [<destination>]
Read source from the disk image and copy it into destination in the file system. If destination is not specified, copy it into a file with the same name as source. By default PRG files are copied. To copy SEQ files add ,s (i.e. the usual DOS file specification syntax). REL files can be copied by adding ,l. Don't specify the record length, c1541 will determine it automatically.
rename <oldname> <newname>
Rename oldname into newname. The files must be on the same drive.
tape <t64name> [<file1> ... <fileN>]
Extract files from a T64 image.
unit <number>
Make unit number the current unit.
unlynx <lynxname> [<unit>]
Extract the specified Lynx image file into the specified unit (default is the current unit).
validate [<unit>]
Validate the disk in unit unit. If unit is not specified, validate the disk in the current unit.
verbose ["off"]
Enable or disable verbose output.
version
Show C1541 version string
write <source> [<destination>]
Write source from the file system into destination on a disk image. To create a REL file, you must specify the destination including the record length. As a special convenience, you can give it in decimal. Example: write fsname imgname,l,100 Note that the size of the file may be rounded up to fill the last sector.
unzip <d64name> <zipname> [<label,id>]
Create a D64 disk image out of a set of four Zipcoded files named 1!zipname, 2!zipname, 3!zipname and 4!zipname.

13.4 Executing shell commands

If you want to execute a shell command from within c1541, just prepend it with an exclamation mark (!). For example,

!ls -la

will execute the command ls -la, which will show you all the files in the current directory.

13.5 c1541 examples

c1541 -attach test.d64 -list
Attach test.d64 and show directory.
c1541 -attach test.d64 -write test.prg testfile
Write test.prg to test.d64 as testfile.
c1541 -format "name,id" d64 disk.d64
Create a disk image in d64 format, format it with the name and id and save it to disk.d64.
c1541 opencbm -list
Show directory from a 1541 drive connected via OpenCBM.


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